Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (06): 50-56.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220402201

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effect of spinneret rate on structure and properties of nanofiber core-spun yarns prepared by continuous water bath electrospinning

ZHOU Xinru1, FAN Mengjing1, HU Chengye2, HONG Jianhan1,2,3, LIU Yongkun1,3, HAN Xiao1,3, ZHAO Xiaoman1,3()   

  1. 1. School of Textile and Apparel, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
    2. Zhejiang Jieda New Material Technology Co., Ltd., Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312035, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
  • Received:2022-04-06 Revised:2022-10-09 Online:2023-06-15 Published:2023-07-20
  • Contact: ZHAO Xiaoman E-mail:wxzhxm09@163.com

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Abstract:

Objective The spinneret rate as one of the electrostatic spinning parameters affects the performance of nanofiber core-spun yarns structure. This research aims to optimize the process parameters of electrospinning in order to meet the technical requirements for structure and properties of nanofiber core-spun yarns made from such made nanofibers.
Method A homemade electrostatic spinning device was set up for continuous preparation of nanofiber core-spun yarns. Through continuous double needle bath electrostatic spinning method, a core yarn was created using polyester (PET) as the core yarn, polyamide 6 (PA6) nanofibers as the coating layer, offering properties of the nanofibers and traditional yarn mechanical properties of nanofiber core-spun yarn. The morphology, crystal structure and mechanical properties of PET/PA6 nanofiber core-spun yarns were analyzed and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and universal material testing machine. The influence of spinneret rate on the structure and properties of nanofiber core-spun yarns in double-needle water bath electrospinning was investigated.
Results By changing the spinneret rate in electrospinning process, the influence of different spinneret rates on the structure and properties of nanofiber core-spun yarn was analyzed. The results show that nanofibers could be formed on the surface of core yarn in the range of 0.10-0.40 mL/h spinneret rate, but the collection state and diameter of nanofibers were different. When the spinneret rate was greater than 0.10 mL/h, the adhesion phenomenon occurred between nanofibers due to the larger jet solution from the surface of Taylor cone. With the increase of spinneret rate, the diameter of nanofibers increased to a certain extent, and the porosity of PA6 nanofiber coating decreased because of the adhesion between nanofibers. In the range of 0.10-0.40 mL/h of spinneret rate, the crystallinity of nanofibers decreased with the increase of spinneret rate. When the spinneret rate is 0.10 mL/h and 0.15 mL/h, the crystallinity of nanofibers was within the range of conventional PA6 fiber crystallinity. The crystallinity of nanofibers was slightly less than that of conventional PA6 fibers. The reason was that the shape of Taylor cone was broken with higher spinneret rate, and the increasing instability of jet flow leads to the decrease of crystallinity. In the range of 0.10-0.40 mL/h spinneret rate, with the increase of spinneret rate, leading to the increase of breaking force. But the strength and elongation at break show a decreasing trend, which is consistent with the changing trend of crystallinity. The highest breaking strength was (0.66±0.13) cN/dtex at 0.10 mL/h, which was about 1/5 of that of conventional PA6 fiber. The breaking strength and elongation at break of nanofiber core-spun yarns were slightly higher than those of core-spun yarn, while the breaking strength of nanofiber core-spun yarns decreases with the increase of its linear density. Therefore, the combination with conventional fiber yarn is beneficial to improve its mechanical properties, and can give yarn high specific surface area, and expand the use of yarn.
Conclusion The prepared nanofiber cored yarn has a good cored structure according to the scanning electron microscope characterization of cross-section and surface morphology of nanofiber core-spun yarns. And the diameter of the coated nanofiber is 66-80 nm, and the porosity decreases with the increase of the spinneret rate. The crystallinity of nanofibers is in the range of 19%-24.15%, and decreases while spinneret rate increases. The strength and elongation at break of PA6 nanofiber coatings decrease with the increase of spinneret rate, and the strength of PA6 nanofiber coatings is about 1/5 of that of conventional polyamide 6 fibers. The nanofiber core-spun yarn maintains its mechanical properties such as strength and elongation at break. It is of great significance to study the influence of process parameters on the structure and performance of nanofiber core-spun yarns in the process of electrospinning, which can also bring thinking to researchers and provide reference for subsequent research and experiments.

Key words: polyester, polyamide 6, electrospinning, water bath method, nanofiber core-spun yarn, spinneret rate, structure and property

CLC Number: 

  • TQ340.69

Fig. 1

Schematic diagram of double-needle continuous water bath electrospinning device"

Fig. 2

Images of cross-section(a) and surface morphology of nanofiber core-spun yarns prepared at 0.10 mL/h(b), 0.15 mL/h(c), 0.20 mL/h(d), 0.30 mL/h(e), 0.40 mL/h(f)"

Fig. 3

Diameter distribution of PA6 nanofiber at different spinneret rates"

Fig. 4

Change curves of porosity of PA6 naofiber coating and diameter of nanofibers with spinneret rates"

Fig. 5

DSC curves of PA6 nanofiber coatings at different spinneret rates"

Fig. 6

Change of crystallinity of nanofiber coatings at different spinneret rates"

Tab. 1

Mechanical properties of PA6 nanofiber coating at different spinneret rates"

喷丝速率/
(mL·h-1)		 断裂强
力/cN		 包覆层线
密度/dtex		 断裂强度/
(cN·dtex-1)		 断裂伸
长率/%
0.10 26.51±8.95 40.50 0.66±0.13 44.46±10.89
0.15 25.81±4.73 71.30 0.36±0.07 33.21±9.01
0.20 39.20±9.21 108.60 0.36±0.08 28.61±6.39
0.30 50.65±8.63 141.80 0.35±0.06 36.89±9.88
0.40 44.38±10.03 182.20 0.24±0.08 29.59±9.39

Tab. 2

Mechanical properties of nanofiber core-spun yarns at different spinneret rates"

喷丝速率/
(mL·h-1)		 断裂强
力/cN		 包芯纱线
密度/dtex		 断裂强度/
(cN·dtex-1)		 断裂伸
长率/%
PET芯纱 1 773±47 277.80 6.38±0.17 44.02±2.33
0.10 1 795±44 318.40 5.64±0.13 45.76±1.75
0.15 1 828±45 349.10 5.24±0.01 47.02±1.99
0.20 1 833±43 386.40 4.74±0.01 46.87±1.85
0.30 1 854±49 419.60 4.42±0.01 47.66±1.85
0.40 1 854±58 460.00 4.03±0.01 47.75±2.31
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