Journal of Textile Research ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 183-191.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220404509

• Comprehensive Review • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Fabrication and application research progress of fiber-based self-powered electronic skins

LÜ Xiaoshuang1, LIU Liping2, YU Jianyong3, DING Bin3, LI Zhaoling1,3()   

  1. 1. College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. Qingdao Product Quality Testing Research Institute, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, China
    3. Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2022-04-13 Revised:2022-07-05 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-28
  • Contact: LI Zhaoling E-mail:zli@dhu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

This review introduces the categories, characteristics, and preparation processes for constructing materials with applications for electronic skins, from the perspective of composition structure of the electronic skins with tactile sensing capability. The compelling features of breathable fiber materials serving as substrate layer, electrode layer, and sensing layer in electronic skins were highlighted, in view of the poor air permeability of current dense film-based and rubber-based electronic skins that easily lead to itching during long-term wearing. The working mechanisms of piezoelectric and triboelectric electronic skins were introduced, which are not only able to achieve real-time pressure sensing response, but also able to harvest the ambient mechanical energy and convert it into electricity to power themselves. These are conducive to the fabrication of miniatured, lightweight, and flexible wearable devices. The research progresses in fiber-based self-powered electronic skins in the fields of motion monitoring and medical detection were comprehensively summarized in terms of preparation methods, performance characterizations, and practical applications. The existing challenges and future development directions of fiber-based self-powered electronic skins were extensively discussed.

Key words: electronic skin, fiber material, self-powered, piezoelectricity, triboelectricity, smart fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TP212

Tab.1

Classification and comparison of conductive electrode layers"

导电电极层 代表材料 优点 缺点
金属 Au、Ag、Cu、Al及其纳米线、纳米棒等 高导电率、机械稳定性好、易于加工 柔性差、易于氧化和生锈
碳材料 CB、石墨烯、rGO、CNTs 高导电率、纳米多孔结构、机械稳定性好 溶液分散性差、结构不易控制
导电聚合物 PEDOT、PEDOT:PSS、PANI、PPy 良好的柔性、易于溶液加工处理 成本高、导电率低、稳定性差

Tab.2

Classification and comparison of active sensing layers"

传感层 分类 代表材料 优点 缺点
压电材料 压电陶瓷 BTO、ZnO、PZT 压电常数高、
强度高、化学惰性		 柔性差、硬而脆 选材单一、能量
转化效率低
压电聚合物 PVDF、P(VDF-TrFE) 柔性好、易于加工 压电常数小
摩擦电材料 摩擦电正性材料 乙基纤维素、聚酰胺 选材范围广、能量转化效率高 灵敏度低
摩擦电负性材料 PTFE、PVDF
PDMS

Fig.1

Triboelectric series of common used materials"

Fig.2

Working mechanism of piezoelectric sensing"

Fig.3

Fiber-based piezoelectric electronic skins. (a) Sandwich-structured electronic skin and core-shell piezoelectric fiber; (b) Structural design and optical photograph of dual-modal piezoelectric electronic skin"

Fig.4

Working mechanism of triboelectric sensing"

Fig.5

Fiber-based triboelectric electronic skins. (a) Washable and highly stretchable electronic skin with silver-coated polyamide yarn; (b) All-nanofiber structured breathable electronic skin; (c) Transparent and antibacterial electronic skin constructed with conductive composite nanofibrous membranes; (d) Biodegradable and antibacterial electronic skin fabricated with nanofibers;(e) Highly sensitive electronic skin for respiratory monitoring"

Fig.6

Fiber-based piezoelectric and triboelectric hybrid electronic skin"

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