Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (05): 171-176.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220508001

• Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabrics

WEI Yuhui1,2, ZHENG Chen1, CHENG Erxiao1, ZHAO Shuhan1, SU Zhaowei1,3()   

  1. 1. School of Textile and Garment, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, China
    2. Shanghai Fire Research Institute of MEM, Shanghai 200032, China
    3. High Fashion Womenswear Institute, Hangzhou Vocational Technical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
  • Received:2022-05-27 Revised:2023-02-15 Online:2023-05-15 Published:2023-06-09

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Abstract:

Objective Fire-fighting clothing worn by fire-fighters is easy to absorb stains, in fire-fighting action, caused by the burning of rubber, textiles and other inflammable substances and other reasons. Researches on fire-fighting clothing mainly focus on the development of highly-flame-retardant fibers, fabrics and clothing, whilst the self-cleaning performance of fire-fighting fabrics is basically ignored. In addition, improper or excessive washing could easily deteriorate the protective performance. Therefore, development of self-cleaning aramid fabric is important to reduce the deterioration of protective performance caused by washing and to prolong the service life of the fire-fighting clothing.

Method In order to improve the self-cleaning properties of aramid fabric, TiO2 with stable and good photocatalytic effect, SiO2 aerogel (super-hydrophobic interface) with high porosity and easily form three-dimensional micro-structure, metal ion (Fe), tetraethoxysilane, butyl titanate, polydimethylsiloxane, butyl ferrate, and N-hexane were selected to treat the fabric. One-step spraying method was applied to prepare the photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabric. In order to enhance the firmness, the mixed solution of N,N-dimethyl hexamide (DMAC) and water was adopted to dissolve the aramid fabric surface. The differences in surface morphology, chemical structure, hydrophobicity, self-cleaning, photocatalysis, gas permeability and flame retardancy before and after treatment were systematically investigated.

Results The differences in the properties of aramid fabric before and after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel was found to be significant. In the aspect of morphology, the surface of the untreated aramid fabric was smooth without obvious attachment. On the contrary, the surface of aramid fabric treated with PDMS/SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel demonstrated increased roughness, with a layer of granular material uniformly attached to the surface. This shows the effectiveness of PDMS/SiO2-TiO2-Fe treatment to the aramid fabric surface. In the aspect of micromorphology, compared with the infrared spectra of untreated aramid fabric and treated aramid fabric (Fig.2), treated aramid fabric contained Si indicated the successful grafting of SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel onto the surface of aramid fabric. Static contact angle of the treated aramid fabric was increased to 150.9° suggesting super-hydrophobic critical range (Fig.3). Compared with untreated aramid fabric, carbon black pow der and clay on the surface of aramid fabric after treatment were both washed to the bottom of glass slide, and the surface of the fabric was clean, indicating that aramid fabric after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel has excellent anti-fouling performance (Fig.4). The photocatalysis degradation rate of methylene blue oil solution increased to 90.7% with the help of being treated by ultraviolet light for 6 h (Fig.5), indicating that the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of the treated aramid fabric were improved obviously. Compared with the flame retardancy of aramid fabric before and after the treatment by SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel, it was found that the flame retardancy decreased slightly, but remained within the standard requirement of B1 grade. It also found that washing has little effect on the flame retardance of fabric, indicating that the combination fastness was strong, and thus it was feasible to use one-step spraying method to treat aramid fabric with SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel.

Conclusion Compared with untreated aramid fabric, the static contact angle of SiO2-TiO2-Fe composite aerogel and low surface energy aramid fabric prepared by water-based sol-gel method was increased to 150.9°, the photocatalysis degradation rate of methylene blue oil solution was increased to 90.7% with the help of being treated by ultraviolet light for 6 h, and the self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties of the treated aramid fabric were improved obviously. The results provides a theoretical basis for development of self-cleaning fire-fighting fabrics, and was beneficial to prolong the service life of fire protection clothing.

Key words: aramid fabric, photocatalytic, self-cleaning, composite, fire protection clothing

CLC Number: 

  • TS151

Fig.1

Surface morphologies of aramid fabrics before and after treatment(×5 000). (a) Untreated aramid fabric; (b) Photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabric"

Fig.2

FT-IR spectra of aramid fabrics before and after treatment"

Fig.3

Hydrophobicity of aramid fabrics before and after treatment. (a) Contact angle of water; (b) Contact angle of mud stains"

Fig.4

Self-cleaning capability of aramid fabrics before and after treatment. (a) Untreated aramid fabric against carbon black powder; (b) Untreated aramid fabric against clay; (c) Untreated aramid fabric against carbon black powder; (d) Photocatalytic self-cleaning aramid fabric against clay"

Fig.5

Photocatalytic capability of aramid fabrics before and after treatment"

Tab.1

Flame retardancy of aramid fabrics before and after treatment"

织物 续燃时间/s 阴燃时间/s 损毁长度/mm
未处理芳纶织物洗消前 2.56 3.12 5.25
未处理芳纶织物洗消后 2.55 3.11 5.27
光催化自清洁芳纶织物洗消前 4.62 4.51 13.01
光催化自清洁芳纶织物洗消后 4.61 4.49 12.97
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