Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (10): 164-171.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220701401

• Machinery & Accessories • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Measurement method of steel ring roundness based on line structured light

JIN Shoufeng1,2(), SHEN Wenjun1,2, XIAO Fuli3, LI Yi3   

  1. 1. College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710600,China
    2. Xi'an Key Laboratory of Modern Intelligent Textile Equipment, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710600, China
    3. Shaanxi Institute of Metrology Science, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710100, China
  • Received:2022-07-05 Revised:2023-04-09 Online:2023-10-15 Published:2023-12-07

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Abstract:

Objective Aiming at the background that the roundness of the inner surface of steel ring is still mainly measured manually, an automatic solution based on machine vision measurement is proposed. According to the characteristics of textile steel ring, a method of measuring the inner surface roundness of steel collar based on line structured light was proposed. The method proposed in this paper aims to solve the problems of subjective judgment interference, cumbersome operation and low degree of automation in traditional manual contact measurement.

Method Firstly, the camera calibration, optical plane calibration and rotation center calibration of the measurement system were completed by the calibration plate. The point cloud data of the inner surface of the steel collar was obtained based on the calibration coefficient and the extracted optical strip center coordinates. The roundness information of the inner surface of the steel ring was obtained by constructing a virtual plane.

Results Roifill function is used to fill the specified region of interest polygon in the image, and the pixel values on the polygon boundary are smoothly interpolated inwards to extract the line structure light fringe area, and then the maximum inter-class variance method is used for binary processing. The hole and edge burr of optical strip were solved by morphological closed operation(Fig. 6).The principal component analysis method matrix was used to solve the covariance matrix instead of Hession to obtain the normal direction of fringes. By calculating the second-order Taylor expansion of the normal direction of fringes, the sub-pixel fringe center was obtained, and the extraction time was increased from 0.018 4 s to 0.002 9 s, which greatly shortened the time of the traditional algorithm (Fig. 7).The three-dimensional point cloud data on the inner surface of the steel collar were reconstructed from the center of the linear structure light fringe and the internal and external parameters of the camera, the optical plane equation and the rotation axis equation (Fig. 8). Points on the same plane were screened out by means of zero distance between points and the plane on the virtual plane established on the vertical axis of rotation, and the circularity value was obtained by using the minimum region method. The point cloud data obtained in the experiments of three types of steel collar were calculated respectively (Fig. 10), and the measurement experiments were carried out with the traditional manual method and three-dimensional measuring instrument (Tab. 1) and repeatability measurement experiments (Tab. 2).

Conclusion Based on the principle of line structure, the parameter calibration is completed. The image mask method is combined with the maximum inter-class variance method, and the optical strip image is successfully obtained from the original image. The center of the optical strip is extracted by the improved Steger method based on principal component analysis, which improves the efficiency of the algorithm. Based on camera calibration parameters, optical plane calibration equation and rotation axis calibration equation, three-dimensional point cloud data on the inner surface of the steel collar were obtained from the fringe center of the line structure light. Combined with the roundness evaluation method, a measurement model of the inner surface roundness of the steel ring was established based on the point cloud data. Through the measurement experiment and repeatability measurement experiment of the three types of steel collar respectively, compared with the traditional manual method and three-dimensional measuring instrument, the maximum deviation measured by the method in this paper is 5.8 μm, which is more accurate than the results measured by the projection method in the literature, and the repeatability measurement standard deviation is 0.725, and the running time of the algorithm is less than 40 ms, which proves that the method has practical value for the roundness measurement of textile steel ring.

Key words: linear structured light, steel ring, roundness, stripe, point cloud data

CLC Number: 

  • TP391

Fig. 1

Steel ring structure and schematic diagram. (a) Schematic diagram of steel ring installation structure; (b) Schematic diagram of steel ring"

Fig. 2

Principles of structured light measurement"

Fig. 3

Ring roundness measuring system"

Fig. 4

Camera calibration. (a) Positional relationship; (b) Calibration error"

Fig. 5

Calibrating axis of rotation"

Fig. 6

Region of interest extraction. (a) Actual laser stripe image; (b) Processed image"

Fig. 7

Extraction results of light center. (a) Traditional Steger algorithm; (b) Method of this paper"

Fig. 8

Point cloud data"

Fig. 9

Three types of steel ring"

Fig. 10

Reconstruction of inner surface of steel ring"

Tab. 1

Measurement value of roundness for three modelsμm"

型号 序号 圆度测量值 偏差
文献[3]方法 本文方法 OCG法 文献[3]方法 本文方法
1 43.5 45.5 46.3 -2.8 -0.8
2 27.5 32.3 29.6 -2.1 2.7
PG1-3854 3 32.5 35.2 33.2 -0.7 2.0
4 34.6 32.7 33.1 1.5 2.6
5 36.7 23.5 29.3 7.4 -5.8
1 34.9 35.5 36.3 -1.4 -0.8
2 30.4 31.2 29.5 0.9 1.7
PG1-4554 3 34.6 32.7 33.1 1.5 2.6
4 31.5 37.2 35.5 -4.0 1.7
5 35.0 33.8 34.2 0.8 -0.4
1 42.5 34.4 36.6 5.9 -2.2
2 32.7 34.1 32.4 -1.4 1.7
PG1-5160 3 35.5 33.8 31.3 4.2 2.5
4 26.4 29.7 33.5 -7.1 -3.8
5 43.3 48.5 44.0 -0.7 4.5

Tab. 2

Measurement value of repeatability deviation of inner surface roundness of steel ringμm"

序号 测量值 偏差
文献[3]方法 本文方法 文献[3]方法 本文方法
1 36.1 35.2 1.2 0.6
2 35.2 34.7 0.3 0.1
3 36.0 34.5 1.1 -0.1
4 32.4 33.4 -3.5 -1.2
5 35.8 35.5 0.9 0.9
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