Journal of Textile Research ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (04): 188-194.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230205501

• Apparel Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Influence of heating area distribution of electrical heating clothing on human thermal comfort

KE Ying1(), LIN Lei2, ZHENG Qing2, WANG Hongfu1   

  1. 1. School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
    2. College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
  • Received:2023-02-23 Revised:2023-12-25 Online:2024-04-15 Published:2024-05-13

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Abstract:

Objective Applying thermal stimulation to different parts of the human body can affect human thermal comfort. This research aims to further investigate and compare the performance of heating area distribution of electric heating clothing at low temperature (5 ℃). The influence of the heating area distribution on the thermal comfort of electric heating clothing is analyzed, aiming to assist the design of electric heating clothing.

Method Seven healthy male university students were recruited for this trial, which was conducted in an artificial climate chamber (ESPEC Corp, Japan). Three heating areas were designed, i.e., the torso (HA1), the torso and legs (HA2), and the torso and thigh and upper arm heating (HA3). Carbon nanotube heating pads were selected for the trial. The human dressing experiments were carried out under the conditions of the ambient temperature of (5 ± 0.5) ℃ and relative humidity of (50 ± 5)%. The subjects' objective physiological data and subjective feelings were recorded and analyzed during the trial.

Results The experimental results showed that HA1 significantly increased the mean torso temperature, while had little effect on the mean skin temperature. In contrast, HA2 effectively increased the mean skin temperature by more than 0.8 ℃, and HA3 increased the mean skin temperature by more than 0.5 ℃. The skin temperature of the chest and waist of HA1 was significantly higher than that of HA2 and HA3. On the other hand, HA2 and HA3 significantly affected leg temperatures. Significantly higher thermal sensation vote(TSV) was found in HA2 as compared to HA1 at 10 min and 30-60 min (P < 0.05). Only at 10 min, the TSV of HA3 and the thermal comfort vote(TCV) of HA2 were significantly higher than that of HA1 (P < 0.05). HA2 had the highest thermal acceptability. More importantly, HA2 had the lowest percentage of people who wanted to be warm. There was a negative linear correlation between the mean torso temperature and overall thermal sensation and a positive linear correlation between the mean skin temperature and overall thermal sensation for HA1. There is a negative linear correlation between the mean torso temperature and overall thermal comfort for the three heated area distributions. The mean skin temperature of HA1 positively correlated with overall thermal comfort. Overall thermal sensation and thermal comfort decreased with increasing mean torso temperature and increased with increasing mean skin temperature.

Conclusion Under a specific heating area, centralized torso heating can significantly increase the mean torso temperature, but it fails to increase the mean skin temperature effectively. The excessively high mean torso temperature can also reduce the thermal comfort of the body. The mean skin temperature is linearly correlated with the overall thermal sensation and comfort within a certain range. Distributing heating pads to the legs and arms can not only effectively increase the mean skin temperature but also improve the thermal comfort of the human body. The heating combination of the torso and legs is more beneficial to improve the thermal comfort of the whole body than the heating combination of the torso, thigh and upper arm. It is suggested to distribute heating pads to the torso and leg positions with the same heating area, which can give the electrical heating clothing better retention of warmth.

Key words: electrical heating clothing, heating area, skin temperature, thermal sensation, thermal comfort

CLC Number: 

  • TS941.7

Fig.1

Heating area distribution way"

Fig.2

Mean skin temperature"

Fig.3

Mean torso temperature"

Fig.4

Skin temperature of chest and waist. (a) Front chest; (b) Back waist"

Fig.5

Leg skin temperature. (a) Thigh; (b) Calf"

Fig.6

Subjective feeling of whole body. (a) Thermal sensation; (b) Thermal comfort"

Fig.7

Whole body thermal acceptance and thermal preference"

Fig.8

Correlation between skin temperature and overall thermal sensation. (a) Mean torso temperature and overall thermal sensation; (b) Mean skin temperature and overall thermal sensation"

Fig.9

Correlation between skin temperature and overall thermal comfort. (a) Mean torso temperature and overall thermal comfort; (b) Mean skin temperature and overall thermal comfort"

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