Abstract: Polyacrylonitrile(PAN) nanofibers were manufactured by electrospinning,and then preoxidized at(250 ℃) and carbonized at 850 ℃,thus obtained carbon nanofibers.The morphology of electrospun nanofibers,preoxidized nanofibers and carbon nanofibers was studied by scanning electron microscope(SEM),and their tensile and elongation,and conductivity were compared.It was found that the conductivity of the carbon nanofibers enhanced significantly.Characterization of the microstructure of PAN powder,electrospun nanofibers,preoxidized nanofibers and carbon nanofibers was performed by X-ray diffractometry and infrared spectroscopy.