Abstract: Making use of quadruply decomposition method to analyze the labor productivity that based on non-parametric production area at the basic level,the effects of technical efficiency,pure technical progress,scale efficiency of capital/labor and intensity of capital/labor on each provincial textile industrial labor productivity from 2002 to 2006 in China are studied.Some results obtained are as follows: 1) the improvement of industrial labor productivity mainly came from technical progress from 2003 to 2006.Moreover,as a result of technology diffusing, the labor productivity of developing provinces are higher than that of developed provinces;2) capital deepening and improvement of technology efficiency;3)decreasing state occurred with respect to scale efficiency of capital/labor during 2004 and 2006.