Abstract: The effect of short time and high temperature (HTSP) treatment（150－180℃，2min）on the shade of naturally colored cotton was examined for getting a better understanding of the impact of high temperature curing on the shade of the fiber. The results showed that no matter the brown or green cotton (naturally colored), short time high temperature treatment results in significant change of its shade, but the green is less obvious than the brown, which indicates that the coloring matter of the former has better stability in HTSP condition. The acidic or alkali conditions will make the shade change caused by HTSP condition even more serious, and alkali condition has greater impact. The experimental results reveal that the shade change caused by high temperature is dominated by structural change of coloring matter, which can’t be recovered by acidic or alkali conditions.