Abstract: In this paper, wool fiber morphology with chlorinated-resin and oxidized treatment and related properties by using SEM, AFM and three-dimensional video microscope were characterized to find the effects of fiber surface and shape on their corresponding knitted fabric pilling performance. The fiber scale morphology was characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The measurement and calculation about thickness of scale and fiber surface roughness was conducted by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Yarn hairiness was imaged on three-dimensional video microscope. The pilling comparative experiments of the knitted fabrics were conducted with the pilling box. The results show that some scales on the oxidized fiber surface were partially cleaved and some grooves generated; the remainder with scale and against scale of friction coefficient increasing and the thickness of scales decreasing, the yarn hairiness decreasing; the correlation between the result of AFM and frictional performance is good basically; and the pilling grade of knitted fabric comprised of oxidization wool is 2.5, and the average numbers of pilling per 25 cm2 is 25.