Abstract: For the study of the effect of ultrasonic treatment on the stain removal of the cotton fabric, the treatment factors, such as frequency and power of ultrasound, treatment temperature, detergent concentration and treatment time, were investigated in their effects on the stain removal. The results showed that the frequency of ultrasound is advantage for the stain removal when it is in low limited range, and the power will be no further improvement when it is higher than certain extent. The higher treatment temperature and addition of detergent will benefit the stain removal. Treatment time has significant effect on the stain removal. The treatment of ultrasound has no significant effect on the mechanical damage.