Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 1-10.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201001410

• Invited Column: New Flame Retardant Technology for Textile Materials •     Next Articles

Influence of carbon dots on properties of flame retardant poly(ethylene terephthalate)

GU Weiwen1, WANG Wenqing1,2,3, WEI Lifei1,4, SUN Chenying1, HAO Dan1, WEI Jianfei1,2,3, WANG Rui1,2,3()   

  1. 1. School of Material Design & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Clothing Materials R&D and Assessment, Beijing Institute of Fashion Technology, Beijing 100029, China
    3. Beijing Engineering Research Center of Textile Nano Fiber, Beijing 100029, China
    4. Polymer Research Institute, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
  • Received:2020-10-07 Revised:2021-03-18 Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: WANG Rui E-mail:clywangrui@bift.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to explore the effects of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterials-carbon dots (CDs) on the thermodynamic, flame-retardant, mechanical and fluorescent properties, a copolymer flame retardant with a good flame-retardant effect on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) was selected. 2-carboxyethyl phenyl hypophosphorous acid (CEPPA) and carbon dots were added to the PET matrix by in-situ polymerization, and the effect of carbon dot addition on various properties of FRPET was studied. The effect of different carbon dots on the performance of FRPET was analyzed through limiting oxygen index (LOI), vertical combustion (UL94), cone calorimetry (CONE) and other tests. The results of the study show that the LOI value of FRPET reaches up to 34%, when the carbon dots addition is 1.50% and the vertical combustion is at the V-0 level. Compared to FRPET with only CEPPA addition, the ignition time is extended and the peak heat release rate reduced, the average heat release rate and the total heat release decreased. In addition, the mechanical properties of FRPET after the addition of CDs are also greatly improved and give FRPET fluorescent properties, which is beneficial for broadening the application fields of FRPET.

Key words: carbon dots, fluorescence, carbon nanomaterials, polyester, flame retardant fiber, functional fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TQ324.8

Tab.1

Formula of flame retardant copolymer%"

样品名称 CEPPA中磷的
质量分数 		碳点(CDs)的
质量分数
PET — —
FRPET 1 —
FRPET-0.25CDs 1 0.25
FRPET-0.50CDs 1 0.50
FRPET-0.75CDs 1 0.75
FRPET-1.00CDs 1 1.00
FRPET-1.50CDs 1 1.50
FRPET-2.00CDs 1 2.00

Fig.1

Fluorescent property,morphology and particle size distribution of gelatin-based carbon dots. (a)Photoluminescence spectrum; (b) TEM image;(c) Particle size distribution histogram"

Fig.2

Infrared spectrum of gelatin-based carbon dots"

Fig.3

Formation schematic of PET, FRPET and FRPET-CDs"

Fig.4

TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of FRPET with different carbon dots additions"

Tab.2

Thermogravimetric test results of carbon dots /CEPPA/PET copolymer"

样品名称 T5%/℃ 最大质量损失
速率/(%·min-1) 		Tmax/℃ 700 ℃时
残炭量/%
PET 389.63 20.55 432.57 7.49
FRPET 380.59 19.27 435.43 9.09
FRPET-0.25CDs 382.93 19.18 436.74 8.00
FRPET-0.50CDs 381.76 20.11 431.60 9.68
FRPET-0.75CDs 383.63 20.01 433.48 10.15
FRPET-1.00CDs 382.88 21.26 431.71 11.02
FRPET-1.50CDs 383.95 19.77 430.78 11.93
FRPET-2.00CDs 378.72 18.29 430.57 12.08

Fig.5

DSC curve of FRPET with different carbon dots additions. (a) Heating; (b) Cooling"

Tab.3

DSC data of flame retardant copolymerization"

样品名称 Tg/℃ Tc/℃ Tm/℃
PET 64 209 245
FRPET 69 153 219
FRPET-0.25CDs 63 164 230
FRPET-0.50CDs 67 163 229
FRPET-0.75CDs 60 158 228
FRPET-1.00CDs 70 154 229
FRPET-1.50CDs 62 151 228
FRPET-2.00CDs 67 150 227

Tab.4

LOI value and UL94 test results of carbon dots/CEPPA/PET copolymer"

样品名称 LOI值/% UL94测试
t1/s t2/s 级别
PET 21 31.6 11.941 -
FRPET 31 1.01 1.16 V-0
FRPET-0.25CDs 28 0.65 0.72 V-0
FRPET-0.50CDs 31 1.22 0.63 V-0
FRPET-0.75CDs 33 0.89 0.9 V-0
FRPET-1.00CDs 34 0.89 0.76 V-0
FRPET-1.50CDs 34 0.65 0.72 V-0
FRPET-2.00CDs 26 0.92 1.08 V-0

Fig.6

Conical calorimetric curves of FRPET with different carbon dots additions"

Tab.5

Cone calorimetry test results of carbon dots/CEPPA/PET copolymer"

样品名称 引燃时间/s 热释放速率峰值/(kW·m-2) 平均热释放速率/(kW·m-2) 总热释放量/(MJ·m-2)
PET 51 915.85 241.2 65.22
FRPET 55 717.47 145.5 52.66
FRPET-0.25CDs 54 627.97 125.6 46.35
FRPET-0.50CDs 53 581.53 139.4 50.89
FRPET-0.75CDs 52 631.91 139.5 51.22
FRPET-1.00CDs 59 623.32 147.9 52.78
FRPET-1.50CDs 58 626.89 126.1 47.06
FRPET-2.00CDs 62 732.25 139.2 51.29

Fig.7

SEM images of composite carbon residue after cone calorimetry test"

Fig.8

Infrared spectra of carbon residue of PET and PET flame retardant copolymers"

Tab.6

Mechanical properties test results of carbon dots/CEPPA/PET copolymer"

样品名称 拉伸强度/MPa 弹性模量/MPa 断裂伸长率/%
PET 46.37 785.52 6.80
FRPET 55.82 1 119.99 7.60
FRPET-0.25CDs 56.21 1 122.21 7.20
FRPET-0.50CDs 58.88 1 191.78 7.60
FRPET-0.75CDs 59.77 1 308.45 8.40
FRPET-1.00CDs 51.49 1 372.96 5.40
FRPET-1.50CDs 51.18 1 203.80 7.61
FRPET-2.00CDs 49.73 1 063.78 5.20

Fig.9

Photoluminescence spectra of as-prepared carbon dots/CEPPA/PET copolymer excited by light"

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