Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 17-23.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201102007

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and microstructure control of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers

CHEN Xian1,2, LI Mengmeng1,2, ZHAO Xin1,2, DONG Jie1,2, TENG Cuiqing1,2()   

  1. 1. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2020-11-20 Revised:2021-07-22 Online:2021-11-15 Published:2021-11-29
  • Contact: TENG Cuiqing E-mail:cqteng@dhu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to further improve the mechanical strength of aerogel fibers, the dispersion solution of aramid nanofibers was prepared with para aramid fiber as raw materials, and aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers were fabricated via wet spinning, solvent displacement and following freeze-drying processes. The microstructures of aerogel fibers based on aramid nanofibers were also adjusted by changing the percentage of tertiary butyl alcohol and water in the solvent replacement bath. The results showed that the change of solvent replacement bath could give the aerogel fibers good formability. When the volumetric ratio of tert-butanol to water in the solvent replacement bath was 1∶1, the aerogel fiber had a fluffy network structure in the interior,its specific surface area reached 165.4 m2/g and the fracture strength was 4.8 MPa. With the increase of water content, the specific surface area of aerogel fibers decreased with enhanced the mechanical strength. When only water was used as the solvent replacement solution, the aramid nanofibers were neatly orientated in the fiber length direction, and the fracture strength of aerogel fibers reached 328.7 MPa.

Key words: aramid nanofiber, aerogel fiber, wet spinning, solvent replacement, freeze drying, high-performance fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TS430

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of preparation process of nano-aramid aerogel fibers"

Fig.2

Preparation process (a) and its mechanisms (b) of nano-aramid"

Fig.3

TEM image of nano-aramid"

Fig.4

FT-IR (a) and XRD (b) curves of aramid and nano-aramid"

Fig.5

SEM images of cross section and surface section of 2#-5# nano-aramid aerogel fibers"

Fig.6

SEM images of surface (a)and cross section (b) of 1# nano-aramid aerogel fibers"

Fig.7

Shrinkage-specific surface area (a) and porosity (b) for various nano-aramid aerogel fibers under different conditions"

Tab.1

Density of nano-aramid aerogel fibers"

样品编号 密度/(mg·cm-3) 样品编号 密度/(mg·cm-3)
1# 812 4# 91
2# 35 5# 136
3# 50

Fig.8

Stress-strain curves of 2#-5# and 1# nano-aramid aerogel fibers under different preparation conditions"

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