Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (01): 103-111.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200505909

• Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and flame retardant properties of self-extinguishing cotton fabrics by spray-assisted layer-by-layer self-assembly technology

ZENG Fanxin1,2, QIN Zongyi1,2(), SHEN Yueying1, CHEN Yuanyu1, HU Shuo2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
    2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
  • Received:2020-05-29 Revised:2020-10-25 Online:2021-01-15 Published:2021-01-21
  • Contact: QIN Zongyi E-mail:phqin@dhu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to endow the cotton fabric with high efficiency flame retardant properties, a new low-cost and green approach was presented for constructing ternary composite coating on cotton fabric through spray-assisted layer-by-layer self-assembly of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, sodium alginate and ammonium polyphosphate in aqueous solutions. The surface morphology, flammability and thermal degradation properties of the cotton fabrics before and after coating were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, vertical flame tests and microscale combustion calorimetry. The results show that coated cotton fabrics self-extinguish instantly when the ignition source is removed, and its limit oxygen index reaches 35.7% together with good washing resistance. High structural stability and flame retardant property are attributed to the external well-constructed flame retardant composite multilayers and phosphorus-silicon-nitrogen synergism on the degradation process and char yield. Such green and scalable strategy for the design and fabrication of self-extinguishing intumescent coating could also be employed for treating various other cellulose fibers.

Key words: cotton fabric, functional fabric, flame retardant property, layer-by-layerself-assembly, flame retardant coating

CLC Number: 

  • TS195

Fig.1

SEM images of cotton fabrics before and after coating. (a) Pure cotton; (b) 5 layers; (c) 10 layers; (d) 15 layers"

Fig.2

ATR-FTIR spectra for cotton fabrics before and after coating"

Fig.3

TGA and DTG curves under air and nitrogen atmospheres for cotton fabrics before and after coating. (a) TGA curves under air; (b) DTG curves under air; (c) TGA curves under N2; (d) DTG curves under N2"

Tab.1

LOI value and TGA data of cotton fabrics before and after coating under air and nitrogen atmospheres"

样品 极限
氧指
数值/%		 初始降解
温度/℃		 最大热降解
温度/℃		 700 ℃残
炭量/%
空气 氮气 空气 氮气 空气 氮气
纯棉织物 18.1 265.5 264.5 361.6 379.9 1.0 8.6
5层 20.9 234.5 228.2 291.1 315.2 14.5 35.8
10层 22.3 214.0 223.8 288.8 292.6 19.8 43.0
15层 35.7 227.5 221.8 287.5 287.1 22.8 47.4

Tab.2

Data obtained from vertical flame test for cotton fabrics before and after coating"

样品 质量增加率/
%		 燃烧
时间/s		 阴燃
时间/s		 炭长/cm
纯棉织物 0.00 10 14 30
5层 11.60 16 0 30
10层 22.50 40 0 30
15层 30.60 0 0 4.9±0.1
15层(水洗后) 28.30 0 0 9.7±0.2

Tab.3

Data obtained from MCC test for cotton fabrics before and after coating"

样品 热释放速率峰
值/(W·g-1)		 总热释放
量/(kJ·g-1)		 热释放速率
峰值温度/℃		 残炭
量/%
纯棉织物 277.5 ± 5.1 14.3 ± 0.38 390.8 ± 6.7 9.2
5层 38.8 ± 2.5 2.5 ± 0.16 305.5 ± 4.2 35.9
10层 20.9 ± 1.8 1.5 ± 0.08 288.5 ± 3.0 41.7
15层 15.4 ± 1.0 1.1 ± 0.01 272.1 ± 2.5 47.9

Fig.4

3-D images of gaseous compounds produced during thermal degradation. (a) Pure cotton fabrics; (b) 15 layers"

Fig.5

Absorbance of some pyrolysis products for uncoated and 15 layers cotton fabric. (a) Total; (b) H2O; (c) CO2; (d) CO; (e) Carbonyl compounds"

Fig.6

SEM images of char residues for coated cotton fabrics. (a) 5 layers; (b) 10 layers; (c) 15 layers"

Fig.7

Raman spectra of char residues after vertical flame test. (a) Pure cotton; (b) 5 layers;(c) 10 layers; (d) 15 layers"

Fig.8

XPS spectra of C1s and Si 2p peaks of char residues after vertical flame test for coated cotton fabrics. (a) C1s;(b) Si 2p"

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