Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (03): 122-129.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200603408

Special Issue: Flame Retardant Fibers and Textiles

• Dyeing and Finishing & Chemicals • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and properties of high efficiency halogen-free flame-retardant cotton fabrics

MA Ya'nan1, SHEN Junyan1, LUO Xiaolei1, ZHANG Cong1, SHANG Xiaolei1, LIU Lin1(), KRUCINSKA Izabella2, YAO Juming1,3   

  1. 1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Faculty of Material Technologies and Textile Design, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz 90-924, Poland
    3. Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
  • Received:2020-06-12 Revised:2020-12-04 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-17
  • Contact: LIU Lin E-mail:liulin@zstu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to improve the flame retardancy and durability of cotton fabrics, halogen-free durable flame retardant cotton fabrics were prepared by applying phosphorylation modification with NH4H2PO4 and urea as the raw materials. The effects of the molar ratio of the raw materials, reaction time and reaction temperature on the grafting rate and whiteness of flame-retardant cotton fabrics were studied. The optimum finishing process was identified to be 90 min reaction time, 130 ℃ reaction temperature, 1∶2.5∶15 raw material mole ratio among dehydrated glucose unit (AGU), NH4H2PO4 and urea. The flame-retardancy, washing resistance and mechanical properties of fabrics were studied The limit oxygen index (LOI) of the flame retardant cotton fabric was increased from 18% to 50.9%, reaching the noncombustible level. After 800 ℃ thermal decomposition, the carbon residue increased to 40.0%, showing excellent thermal stability. At the same time, after 30 standard washing tests, the LOI value can still reach 28.5%, which shows good washing resistance. This method can be used to achieve efficient and durable flame-retardancy of cotton fabrics.

Key words: ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, flame-retardant finishing, cotton fabric, phosphorylation, halogen-free flame retardant, flame-retardant fabric

CLC Number: 

  • TS195.5

Fig.1

Preparation flow chart of flame-retardant cotton fabric"

Fig.2

Influence of technological factors on grafting rate of cotton fabric. (a) Molar ratio of urea to ammonium dihydrogen phosphate; (b) Reaction temperature;(c) Reaction time; (d) Molar ratio of diammonium phosphate to anhydroglucose units"

Fig.3

FT-IR spectra of cotton fabric before and after flame-retardant finishing"

Fig.4

SEM images of cotton fabics (×1 500). (a) Raw cotton fabric; (b) Flame-retardant cotton fabric before burning;(c) Flame-retardant cotton fabric after burning"

Fig.5

LOI values of raw cotton fabric and flame-retardant cotton fabrics"

Fig.6

TG (a) and DTG (b) curves of raw cotton fabrics and flame-retardant cotton fabrics"

Tab.1

Grafting ratio and flame-retardancy of flame-retardant cotton fabric after washing"

水洗次数 接枝率/% LOI值/%
0 21.01 50.9
10 19.51 31.8
20 18.02 29.1
30 17.36 28.5
40 16.46 24.7
50 15.82 20.8

Fig.7

FT-IR spectra of thermal degradation products of cotton fabric (a) and flame-reardant cotton fabric (b) at different temperatures"

Fig.8

Change of absorbance intensity of raw cotton fabric and flame-retardant cotton fabric thermal degradation products over time. (a) H2O; (b)Hydrocarbons; (c) CO2; (d) Carbonyl compound; (e) Ether compound"

Fig.9

Mechanical properties of raw cotton fabric and flame-retardant cotton fabric"

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