Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (07): 54-61.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20200808308

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and characterization of lignin/polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers

YANG Zhi1, LIU Chengkun1(), WU Hong2, MAO Xue1   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710048, China
    2. Shaanxi Textile Science Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038,China
  • Received:2020-08-20 Revised:2021-04-09 Online:2021-07-15 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: LIU Chengkun E-mail:liuchengkun@xpu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to use lignin as a renewable and degradable raw material in the preparation of carbon fiber, lignin/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber was prepared by electrospinning, pre-oxidation and carbonization. The effect of lignin addition on the properties of spinning solution and structure and properties of preoxidized fiber and carbon fiber were studied by means of rotary rheometer, conductivity meter, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and specific surface area tester.The results show that the mass ratio of lignin to PAN can be increased to 90∶10 on the basis of ensuring the solution spinnability and fiber-forming property, which maximizes the high-value utilization of lignin. The pre-oxidized fiber has a heat-resistant and stable trapezoidal structure after adding lignin. The specific surface area of carbon nanofiber increases from 50.49 to 849.89 m2/g, which has important potential application value in battery, supercapacitor and other energy fields.

Key words: electrospinning, lignin, polyacrylonitrile, pre-oxidized fiber, carbon fiber

CLC Number: 

  • TS102.6

Fig.1

FE-SEM images of composite fiber membranes prepared under different mass ratios of lignin/PAN"

Tab.1

Conductivity and viscosity of solutions with different solvent volume ratios of DMSO and DMF"

DMSO和DMF体积比 电导率/(mS·cm-1) 黏度/(Pa·s)
100:0 0.32 0.878
70:30 0.39 1.309
60:40 0.47 2.294
50:50 0.58 2.634

Fig.2

FE-SEM images of composite fiber membranes prepared under different solvent volume ratios of DMSO and DMF"

Fig.3

FE-SEM images of composite fiber membranes prepared under different solution concentrations"

Fig.4

DSC curve of lignin/PAN composite fiber membranes"

Fig.5

DSC curves of preoxidized fiber under different preoxidation temperatures"

Tab.2

DSC parameters of preoxidized fiber under different preoxidation temperatures"

预氧化
温度/℃ 		放热起始
温度/℃ 		放热峰值
温度/℃ 		放热终止
温度/℃ 		放热量/
(J·g-1) 		环化
度/%
240 262.9 332.9 411.3 4 276 48.8
260 275.3 339.1 404.3 3 511 57.9
280 284.7 351.3 420.1 2 769 83.5
300 297.6 375.7 441.0 1 341 83.9

Fig.6

FE-SEM images of preoxidized fiber under different preoxidation temperatures"

Fig.7

FT-IR spectra of preoxidized fiber at different preoxidation temperatures"

Fig.8

FE-SEM images of PAN-based carbon fiber (a) and lignin/PAN-based carbon fiber (b)"

Fig.9

XRD (a) and Raman (b) patterns of PAN-based carbon fiber and lignin/PAN-based carbon fiber"

Fig.10

Pore size distribution and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms of PAN-based carbon fiber and lignin/PAN-based carbon fiber "

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