Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (08): 76-83.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20201100108

• Textile Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Microstructure characterization of multi-layer interlocked woven preforms based on quadratic functions

REN Libing1,2, CHEN Li1,2(), JIAO Wei1,2   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Textile Composites Materials, Ministry of Education, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
  • Received:2020-11-02 Revised:2021-03-12 Online:2021-08-15 Published:2021-08-24
  • Contact: CHEN Li E-mail:chenli@tiangong.edu.cn

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Abstract:

The relationship between the structural parameters of textile preforms is a key factor to the design of high-performance composite materials. In order to establish the microstructural relationship of the multi-layer interlocked woven preform, the assumptions that the weft cross section is a parabolic biconvex lens and the warp path is a parabolic wave based on the quadratic function were proposed through microscopic observation and structural analysis. The multi-layer interlocked woven preform with the typical layer-to-layer interlocked plain woven structure was studied and a through-thickness cell model was established. Then the relationship between the microstructure parameters was obtained, and the variation coefficient of the yarn cross-section, preform thickness and fiber volume fraction were able to be calculated. Then the microstructure of preforms was designed through above analysis and calculation. The validity and rationality of the microstructural model were verified through the comparison between the experimental data and the theoretical results. The yarn packing factor of the multi-layer interlocked woven preform was confirmed in the range of 0.73 to 0.87.

Key words: multi-layer interlocked woven preform, microstructure, structure parameter, thickness, fiber volume fraction, composite material

CLC Number: 

  • TB332

Fig.1

Illustration of multi-layer interlocked woven preform"

Fig.2

Structure of multi-layer interlocked woven preform. (a) Surface structure; (b) Warp yarn paths in perform"

Fig.3

Mixed morphology path in multi-layer interlocked woven preform. (a) Micro-CT image of preform; (b) Warp weave cross-section; (c) Weft weave cross-section"

Fig.4

Yarn sectional shapes in multi-layer interlocked woven preform. (a) Weft cross-section; (b) Warp section"

Fig.5

Warp cross-sectional pattern"

Fig.6

Interior weft cross-sectional pattern of muti-layer interlocked woven perform"

Fig.7

Surface weft cross-sectional pattern of muti-layer interlocked woven perform"

Fig.8

Geometrical model of multi-layer interlocked woven preform"

Fig.9

Through-thickness cell model of multi-layer interlocked woven preform"

Tab.1

Structural parameters of multi-layer interlocked woven preforms"

预制体编号 经纱线密
度/tex		 纬纱线密
度/tex		 纱线体积密度/
(g·cm-3)		 经密/
(根·cm-1)		 纬密/
(根·cm-1)		 经纱
层数		 纬纱
层数
J8W2.50 890 890 1.79 8 2.50 10 11
J8W3.00 890 890 1.79 8 3.00 10 11
J8W3.15 890 890 1.79 8 3.15 9 10

Fig.10

Measured yarn cross-sectional size of multi-layer interlocked woven preform. (a) Warp cross-sectional sizes; (b) Interior weft cross-sectional sizes; (c) Surface weft cross-sectional sizes"

Tab.2

Yarn packing factors of multi-layer interlocked woven preforms"

预制体编号 S1/mm2 S2/mm2 S3/mm2 S/mm2 ε1 ε2 ε3
J8W2.50 0.660 7 0.667 1 0.666 1 0.497 2 0.750 0.745 0.746
J8W3.00 0.587 1 0.585 2 0.583 4 0.497 2 0.847 0.850 0.852
J8W3.15 0.603 7 0.602 5 0.602 8 0.497 2 0.824 0.825 0.825

Tab.3

Thickness and variation coefficient of warp yarn cross sections"

预制体
编号		 横截面厚度W/mm 横截面变异系数μ/mm
实测值 理论值 文献[6]值 实测值 理论值 文献[6]值
J8W2.50 0.525 0.530 0.442 2.383 2.361 2.828
J8W3.00 0.473 0.468 0.442 2.647 2.678 2.828
J8W3.15 0.473 0.482 0.442 2.646 2.595 2.828

Tab.4

Thickness and variation coefficient of interior weft yarn cross sections"

预制体
编号		 横截面厚度
D/mm		 横截面变异
系数λ/mm
实测值 理论值 文献[6]值 实测值 理论值 文献[6]值
J8W2.50 0.537 0.529 0.533 3.634 3.559 2.857
J8W3.00 0.565 0.545 0.545 2.930 2.954 2.727
J8W3.15 0.580 0.575 0.542 2.763 2.736 2.691

Tab.5

Thickness and variation coefficient of surface weft yarn cross sections"

预制体
编号		 横截面厚度
d/mm		 横截面变异
系数τ/mm
实测值 理论值 文献[6]值 实测值 理论值 文献[6]值
J8W2.50 0.220 0.226 0.533 13.756 13.306 2.857
J8W3.00 0.229 0.236 0.545 11.567 10.752 2.727
J8W3.15 0.242 0.250 0.542 10.320 9.972 2.691

Tab.6

Thickness and fiber volume faction of multi-layer interlocked woven preforms"

预制体
编号		 厚度 纤维体积含量
实测值/mm 理论值/mm 相对
误差/%		 文献
[6]值/mm		 文献[6]相
对误差/%		 实测值/% 理论值/% 相对
误差/%		 文献
[6]值/%		 文献[6]相
对误差/%
J8W2.50 11.628 11.574 -0.46 11.164 -3.99 51.52 51.56 0.08 53.38 3.62
J8W3.00 10.978 10.989 0.10 11.295 2.89 58.31 58.36 0.07 58.28 -0.05
J8W3.15 10.522 10.401 -1.15 10.281 -2.29 58.01 57.47 -0.93 58.82 1.39

Tab.7

Thickness and fiber volume fraction of multi-layer interlocked woven preforms with different yarn packing factors"

预制体编号 经纬纱填
充因子ε		 厚度 纤维体积含量
理论值/mm 实测值/mm 误差/% 理论值/% 实测值/% 误差/%
J8W2.50 0.700 12.431 11.628 6.91 48.67 51.52 -5.54
0.725 11.988 3.10 50.09 -2.77
0.750 11.575 -0.46 51.53 0.03
0.775 11.190 -3.77 52.98 2.83
0.800 10.831 -6.85 54.42 5.64
0.825 10.490 -9.79 55.90 8.50
0.850 10.174 -12.50 57.36 11.33
0.875 9.874 -15.08 58.83 14.19
0.900 9.595 -17.48 60.29 17.02
J8W3.00 0.700 13.482 10.978 22.81 50.02 58.31 -14.22
0.725 12.989 18.32 51.38 -11.88
0.750 12.532 14.16 52.75 -9.53
0.775 12.107 10.28 54.13 -7.17
0.800 11.710 6.67 55.51 -4.80
0.825 11.339 3.29 56.90 -2.42
0.850 10.991 0.12 58.30 -0.02
0.875 10.664 -2.86 59.70 2.38
0.900 10.357 -5.66 61.10 4.79

Fig.11

Variations of yarn packing factor and fiber volume fraction with yarn warp density (a) and weft density (b)"

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