Journal of Textile Research ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 15-21.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20210701107

• Academic Salon Column for New Insight of Textile Science and Technology: Key Technology and Application of Dope-dyed Fiber • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Structure and properties of polyester/carbon black system prepared by in-situ continuous polymerization

QIU Zhicheng, LI Xin(), LI Zhiyong, WANG Ying, JIN Jian, WU Shufang   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Biobased Fiber Manufacturing Technology, China Textile Academy, Beijing 100025, China
  • Received:2021-07-02 Revised:2021-07-21 Online:2021-10-15 Published:2021-10-29
  • Contact: LI Xin E-mail:lixin@cta.com.cn

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Abstract:

In order to develop dope-dyed polyester fiber with high blackness and fine denier, polyester (PET)/carbon black system with carbon black content of 2% to 3% was prepared by in-situ continuous polymerization. The rheology behavior, crystallization behavior and carbon black dispersion morphology of the in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black system were characterized, and polymerized PET/carbon black filaments were prepared by high speed spinning. The results show that carbon black is uniformly dispersed in polyester matrix in the form of particle clusters less than 1 μm in diameter. The rheological behavior of the in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black with low carbon black content is similar to that of PET. When the carbon black content reaches 3%, the apparent viscosity of in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black melt decreases rapidly with the increase of shear rate. During melt crystallization of the polymerized PET/carbon black, carbon black, as a high efficient heterogeneous nucleating agent, significantly speeds up the crystallization rate of polyester, at the same time, and the good interaction between polyester and carbon black leads to more crystallization defects. These results lead to the double melting peaks of the polymerized PET/carbon black system, and the crystallinity and the peak temperature of the melting peak of polymerized PET/carbon black are lower than that of PET, which is obviously different from that of PET/carbon black prepared by masterbatch method. Due to the good dispersion of carbon black, the polymerized PET/carbon black with 3% carbon black content can be successfully spun into filaments, with the monofilament size 0.52 dtex and breaking strength higher than 3.3 cN/dtex.

Key words: in-situ polymerization fiber, dope-dyed, polyester fiber, carbon black, crystallization behavior, rheological behavior

CLC Number: 

  • TQ342.21

Fig.1

Changing trend of pressure difference of melt filter"

Fig.2

SEM images of in-situ polymerized black polyester (×5 000)"

Fig.3

Rheologic curves of PET and in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black melt at 290 ℃"

Fig.4

DSC of PET and in-situ PET/carbon black. (a) Cooling curves; (b) Heating scans"

Tab.1

Relevant data from DSC curves of PET and in-situ PET/carbon black"

样品 Tmc/
℃		 ΔHmc/
(J·g-1)		 Tm1/
℃		 Tm2/
℃		 ΔHm/
(J·g-1)		 Xc/
%
PET 162.5 25.7 / 250.0 35.2 29.9
PET-CB-2.0 191.0 38.0 239.8 248.5 33.0 28.6
PET-CB-3.0 188.4 36.8 235.7 244.5 31.6 27.7

Fig.5

DSC curves of PET and PET/carbon black prepared by masterbatch method. (a) Cooling curves; (b) Heating curves"

Tab.2

Relevant data from DSC curves of PET and PET/carbon prepared by masterbatch method"

样品 Tmc/
℃		 ΔHmc/
(J·g-1)		 Tm1/
℃		 Tm2/
℃		 ΔHm/
(J·g-1)		 Xc/
%
PET 162.5 25.7 / 250.0 35.2 29.9
PET-CB-2.0-MB 196.9 39.0 / 250.3 37.2 32.3
PET-CB-3.0-MB 198.0 38.4 / 250.4 37.1 32.5

Tab.3

Mechanical properties and direction degrees of PET and in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black POY under different spinning speed"

样品 纺丝
速度/
(m·min-1)		 复丝线
密度/
dtex		 单丝线
密度/
dtex		 断裂
强度/
(cN·dtex-1)		 断裂伸
长率/
%		 声速取
向因子
fs
PET 2 800 134.1 1.86 2.13 147.6 —
91.3 1.27 2.32 142.5 0.401
67.3 0.93 2.34 132.4 —
3 000 92.2 1.28 2.42 134.4 0.452
3 200 92.0 1.28 2.51 112.2 0.490
3 400 92.2 1.28 2.65 108.7 0.551
PET-CB-
2.0		 2 800 135.6 1.88 2.03 151.8 —
92.6 1.29 2.06 146.0 0.390
67.8 0.94 2.17 147.8 —
3 000 92.0 1.28 2.11 130.8 0.430
3 200 92.7 1.29 2.15 127.5 0.473
3 400 91.5 1.27 2.18 122.1 0.527
PET-CB-
3.0		 2 800 136.1 1.89 1.79 170.3 —
92.9 1.29 1.79 158.3 0.390
67.7 0.94 1.79 153.8 —
3 000 90.8 1.26 1.83 155.6 0.427
3 200 91.6 1.27 1.84 152.2 0.445
3 400 90.9 1.26 1.79 143.7 0.463

Tab.4

Mechanical properties of PET and in-situ polymerized PET/carbon black drawn yarn (DY) prepared by 1.8 times drawing of POY"

样品 POY 纺
丝速度/
(m·min-1)		 复丝线
密度/
dtex		 单丝线
密度/
dtex		 断裂
强度/
(cN·dtex-1)		 断裂
伸长/
%
PET 2 800 74.1 1.03 4.17 32.4
51.0 0.71 4.58 28.5
37.1 0.52 4.64 18.7
3 000 51.2 0.71 4.58 22.5
3 200 51.9 0.72 4.86 15.6
3 400 51.2 0.71 5.45 12.4
PET-CB-
2.0		 2 800 75.3 1.05 3.72 33.5
51.0 0.71 4.05 28.6
37.0 0.51 4.03 26.4
3 000 51.4 0.71 3.90 22.1
3 200 51.9 0.72 4.04 24.1
3 400 51.0 0.71 4.23 22.1
PET-CB-
3.0		 2 800 75.6 1.05 3.13 38.5
51.8 0.72 3.31 40.4
37.4 0.52 3.31 35.7
3 000 51.9 0.72 3.19 32.5
3 200 51.7 0.72 3.57 39.2
3 400 51.8 0.72 3.38 28.2
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