Journal of Textile Research ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (02): 19-26.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20220811008

• Fiber Materials • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and filtration properties of polyethylene trifluoroethylene melt-blown nonwovens

YANG Xiaodong1,2, YU Bin1,2(), SUN Hui1,2, ZHU Feichao1,2, LIU Peng1,2   

  1. 1. College of Textile Science and Engineering (International Institute of Silk), Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
    2. Zhejiang Provincial Center of Advanced Textile Technology, Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
  • Received:2022-08-24 Revised:2022-11-21 Online:2023-02-15 Published:2023-03-07

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Abstract:

Objective In order to prepare high temperature resistant melt-blown filter materials to deal with the pollution of high temperature industrial dust, the thermal properties, dynamic thermomechanical properties, rheological properties and morphology of polyethylene trifluoroethylene (ECTFE) masterbatch were studied at first, and then the ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens were to be prepared by selecting appropriate process parameters. So far, there are few studies on ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens for air filtration.
Method The properties and structures of ECTFE masterbatch were determined by differential scanning calorimeter, dynamic thermo mechanical analyzer, thermogravimetric analyzer and melt flow meter. The ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens were then successfully prepared according to these studies on ECTFE masterbatch. The surface morphologies and pore size distribution of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens were scrutinized by scanning electron microscope and pore size meter. The ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens was preheated at different tempera-tures (150, 170, 190, 210 and 220 ℃) using a muffle furnace. After that, the filtration efficiency and tensile properties of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens was calculated by the dust particle detector and universal tensile tester.
Results The results show that with the increase of heating rate, the melting peak(Tp) of ECTFE masterbatch shifted to the right, and Tp was enhanced from 235.02 to 239.21 ℃, and the width of half peak increased(Fig. 3). The glass transition temperature of ECTFE masterbatch was found to be about 86.2 ℃(Fig. 4). The decomposition temperatures at initial and 5% weight lost were 300 and 372 ℃, respectively. It is obvious that for ECTFE masterbatch the temperature of the thermogravimetric zone was obviously higher than that of the melting process, which ensures the smooth process of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens. When the test temperature increased from 250 to 290 ℃, the melt flow index elevated from 180 g/(10 min) to 376 g/(10 min), indicating that the melt fluidity of ECTFE masterbatch became better with the increasing of the temperature(Fig. 6(a)). The diameter of the fibers in ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens ranged from 4 to 12 μm, and its average diameter was about 7.12 μm. Additionally, the pore size of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens was mainly in the range from 45 to 55 μm(as shown in Fig. 7). The filtration efficiency of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens for PM10 was maintained at 99.96% after it was preheated at temperatures of 150~210 ℃. Although the filtration efficiency of ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens for PM2.5 and PM5 decreased slightly with the increasing of preheated temperatures, it still exceeded 55.16% and 72.93%, respectively(Fig. 8).
Conclusion The glass transition temperature and melting peak of ECTFE masterbatch were about 86.20 and 235.02 ℃, respectively. Its complex viscosity decreased when increasing the shear rate and the ECTFE was categorized as a "pseudoplastic fluid". Besides, ECTFE masterbatch has excellent thermal stability at constant temperatures of 260, 270 and 280 ℃. ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens can be successfully fabricated under the conditions of heating temperature 260 ℃, hot air temperature 260 ℃, airway pressure 0.2 MPa, melt-blown pressure 0.5 MPa, acceptance distance 13 cm and translation speed 0.1 mm/s. The fibers in the ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens web were randomly interleaved and wound, and ensures that the ECTFE melt-blown nonwovens with high filtration efficiency. Therefore, it is believed that ECTFE melt-blown nonwoven should be an ideal filter material for high temperature resistant air filtration.

Key words: polyethylene trifluoroethylene, melt-blown nonwoven, high temperature resistance, filtration property, industrial filtration material, rheological property

CLC Number: 

  • TS176

Tab.1

Processing parameters of ECTFE melt-blown materials"

物料温
度/℃		 热风温
度/℃		 气道压
力/MPa		 熔喷压
力/MPa		 接收距
离/cm		 平台速度/
(mm·s-1)
260~270 260 0.2 0.5 13 0.1

Fig.1

Preparation process of ECTFE melt-blown materials"

Fig.2

Schematic diagram of filtration efficiency measurement principle"

Fig.3

Second DSC heating curves of ECTFE"

Tab.2

Second DSC heating curves parameters of ECTFE"

升温速率/(℃·min-1) Tp/℃ ΔHc/(J·g-1) Xc/%
10 235.02 21.46 53.65
20 237.02 26.17 65.42
30 238.23 25.30 63.25
40 239.21 25.78 64.45

Fig.4

DMA curves of ECTFE"

Fig.5

TG (a) and heated to different temperatures TG (b) curves of ECTFE"

Tab.3

Time for 5% mass loss under different temperatures"

温度/℃ 260 270 280 290
时间/min 34.92 32.36 28.64 12.87

Fig.6

Melt flow index (a) and complex viscosity (b) of ECTFE"

Fig.7

SEM images and diameter diagram (a) and aperture diagram (b) of ECTFE melt-blown nonwoven"

Fig.8

Filtration efficiency of ECTFE melt-blown nonwoven for PM2.5 and PM5 and PM10 at different pretreatment temperatures"

Fig.9

Stress-strain curves of ECTFE melt-blown nonwoven"

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