Journal of Textile Research ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (05): 121-128.doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20230507701

• Dyeing and Finishing Engineering • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Preparation and application performance of nonlinear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener

QUAN Heng1,2,3, QIAN Sailong1,2,4, LIU Shinan1,2, ZOU Chunmei5, NI Lijie2,3,4()   

  1. 1. School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China
    2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan, Hubei 430200, China
    3. Jianghan Plain Textile and Garment Industry Technology Research Institute, Jingzhou, Hubei 434000, China
    4. Key Laboratory of Clean Dyeing and Finishing Technology of Zhejiang Province(Shaoxing University), Shaoxing, Zhejiang 312000, China
    5. Hubei Daya Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Jingzhou, Hubei 434200, China
  • Received:2023-05-30 Revised:2024-01-16 Online:2024-05-15 Published:2024-05-31

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Abstract:

Objective The softening finishing of fabric is an important part in textile processing, which improves comfort of textile products. However, the commonly used amino silicone oil softener is known to cause decrease in the hydrophilicity and elasticity of fabrics. Thus, designing and developing a new type of softener, which could improve the hydrophilicity while maintaining the unique style and superior feel of finished fabrics, is expected to solve the problem of existing amino silicone oil softeners.

Method Triethanolamine and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) were adopted to prepare the prepolymer. The chain extension was carried out by introducing small molecule hydroxyalkyl silicone oil 3667(D3667) and polyethylene glycol 2000(PEG2000) into the prepolymer. A series of nonlinear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softeners (BS, LcS and NmS) were synthesized associated with different feeding ratios of IPDI, PEG2000 and D3667. The chemical structure of the products was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra. The thermodynamic properties and surface morphology were utilized to explore the blending state between nonlinear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener and amino silicon oil. The crease recovery angle, hydrophilicity and comprehensive hand feel of the finished fabric were studied to reveal the influence of softener structure on the performance of textile.

Results Through thermal performance testing, it was found that the maximum weight loss rate temperature of the composite of AS and branched cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener (BS) increased from 334 ℃ to 397 ℃ compared to amino silicone oil (AS). It was found that only one endothermic peak remained in BS/AS mixture, indicating that the BS/AS composite exhibited excellent blending performance and would be less prone to microphase separation. No significant difference was identified in the surface morphology between the AS treated bleached nylon/spandex fiber and the BS/AS composite treated fiber in the knitted fabrics, and the mass fraction of silicon element of BS/AS treated fiber surface (0.8%) was between that of the AS (1.4%) and BS (0.04%). This result confirmed that BS formed a uniform mixture with AS to resist the microphase separation. The convenitional amino silicon oil treated cotton fabric showed a crease recovery angle of 95.4° and a hydrophilic time of more than 800.0 s for nylon/spandex fabric. After composite treatment with branched cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener, the crease recovery angle of the cotton fabric was increased to 129.1°, and the hydrophilic time of nylon/spandex fabric was decreased to 48.6 s, significantly improving the hydrophilicity and crease recovery angle of amino silicone oil. This improvement can be attributed to the entanglement and bonding between the non-linear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener and the hydrophobic chain segments of amino silicone oil. As for comprehensive hand feel, the BS/AS complex was shown to improve the smoothness, bulkiness, and warmth of the nylon/spandex fabric, but decrease the softness.

Conclusion Nonlinear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener can form a uniform mixture with amino silicone oil, and the thermal stability of the composite is improved. The molecular entanglement and association between the nonlinear cationic polyurethane modified silicone softener and amino silicone oil can effectively prevent the accumulation of amino silicone oil on the auxiliary/air interface, thus improving the crease recovery angle of cotton fabrics and the hydrophilicity of nylon/spandex fabrics. The BS/AS complex can improve the smoothness, bulkiness, and warmth of nylon/spandex fabrics, demonstrating promising application prospects in high-end fashion or sportswear fabrics.

Key words: softening agent, organosilicone modification, modified polyurethane, nonlinear structure, anti-crease, hydrophilic, nylon/spandex fabric

CLC Number: 

  • TS195.5

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of BS preparation reaction process (a) and molecular structure of LcS (b)and NmS (c)"

Fig.2

Infrared spectra of BS, LcS and NmS"

Fig.3

Gel Permeation Chromatography chromatograms of BS"

Fig.4

Particle size distribution curves of BS, LcS and NmS"

Fig.5

TG/DTG curves of AS, BS, and BS/AS at same heating rate"

Fig.6

DSC curves of AS, BS and BS/AS at same heating rate"

Tab.1

Element percentage content of nylon/spandex fabrics surface"

整理剂 质量占比/%
C N O Si
空白 46.3 28.2 25.5 0
AS 49.4(35.0) 23.8(0.9) 25.5(23.3) 1.4(40.8)
BS 50.0(42.5) 26.3(1.6) 23.7(45.8) 0.04(10.1)
BS/AS 46.2(38.7) 26.4(1.2) 26.7(34.6) 0.8(25.5)

Fig.7

SEM images of nylon/spandex fabric before and after finishing (×2 000). (a) Original fabric; (b) Fabric treated with BS; (c) Fabric treated with LcS; (d) Fabric treated with NmS; (e) Fabric treated with AS; (f) Fabric treated with BS/AS; (g) Fabric treated with LcS/AS; (h) Fabric treated with NmS/AS"

Tab.2

Crease recovery angle and hydrophilic properties of the fabric before and after finishing"

棉织物 锦纶/氨纶织物
整理剂 折皱
回复角/(°)		 整理剂 亲水
时间/s
— 107.2 — 753.5
AS 95.4 AS >800.0
BS 190.0 BS 20.1
LcS 150.7 LcS 10.3
NmS 148.7 NmS 26.3
BS/AS 129.1 BS/AS 48.6
LcS/AS 129.9 LcS/AS 66.9
NmS/AS 140.1 NmS/AS 116.5

Fig.8

Comparison of comprehensive hand feel of nylon/spandex before and after finishing"

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