Abstract: The characterization and definition of intermolecular and intramolecular hydrogen bonds in PVA (poly(vinyl alcohol))were introduced. The remaining actetate and conformation as well as crystallinity in PVA were considered to affect formation of hydrogen bonds.Hydrogen bonds and crystallinity in the techniuqes of gel spinning of partially saponificated PVA and of direct alcoholysis spinning of poly(vinyl acetate)were analysed.The result shows that controlling the formation of hydrogen bonds is the key in the preparation of high tenacity and high modulus PVA fibers.