Abstract: In view of little protection against UV radiation for which cotton fabrics can provide,prepared nano-TiO₂ and nano-SiO₂ by micro-emulsion method so that the resultant nanometer powder had good dispersing property and very fine particles.The optimal proportion of the nano-TiO₂and nano-SiO₂ for anti-ultraviolet protection was determined through testing the ultraviolet transmissibility of the nanometer powders.After pretreatment such as desizing,scouring and bleaching,the cotton fabric was treated with the compound powders of nano-SiO₂ and nano-TiO₂The treated cotton had improved anti-ultraviolet performance and exhibited a small margin drop in strength,elongation rate and break merit.The crease recovery angle increased,and the whiteness and air permeability also dropped in a certain degree.