Abstract: With the development of wool modification technology，The traditional identify cashmere and wool with optical microscopy has gradually shown its limitations. Using gene technology, utilization the difference of goat and sheep between specific base sequence , It can be determine the species by their own base sequence, through PCR amplification, DNA sequencing, then accurate identification cashmere or wool fibers.This paper studied the DNA identification method of cashmere wool ,through mtDNA sequencing experiment , with pure cashmere wool fiber and different proportion of cashmere wool mixture. The results show that 1) the developed DNA sequence testing method by the genetic technology can accurately identify of cashmere and wool fiber, even much smaller proportion; 2) The pure cashmere wool fiber can identify by the specific base sequences using a set of primers; 3) The cashmere wool mixture can be identify by their own sequences whether containing cashmere or wool, which are obtained firstly by sequencing with cashmere primer and wool primer, respectively.specific base sequences using a set of primers; 3) The cashmere wool mixture can be identify by their own sequences whether containing cashmere or wool, which are obtained firstly by sequencing with cashmere primer and wool primer, respectively.