纺织学报, 2023, 44(05): 38-45 doi: 10.13475/j.fzxb.20221201701

特约专栏：减污降耗染色新技术

基于高耐碱高耐氧漂分散染料的涤盖棉织物漂染一浴加工工艺

王小艳, 马子婷, 许长海,

青岛大学 纺织服装学院, 山东 青岛 266071

One-bath process for bleaching and dyeing of polyester-covered cotton fabric using disperse dye with high resistance to alkalis and peroxides

WANG Xiaoyan, MA Ziting, XU Changhai,

College of Textiles & Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, China

通讯作者: 许长海(1975—),男,教授,博士。主要研究方向为生态纺织化学及颜色化学和科学。E-mail: changhai_xu@qdu.edu.cn。

收稿日期: 2022-12-8   修回日期: 2023-02-8  

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(21978117)

Received: 2022-12-8   Revised: 2023-02-8  

作者简介 About authors

王小艳(1994—),女,博士生。主要研究方向为生态染整技术。

摘要

为解决涤盖棉织物传统染整工艺流程长、能耗水耗高、生产效率低等问题,使用高耐碱高耐氧漂分散染料构建涤盖棉织物的漂棉染涤一浴一步加工工艺。通过耐碱性和耐氧漂性评价,确定所选用的分散染料在强碱和氧漂条件下的应用稳定性。探究了漂棉染涤一浴工艺中双氧水浓度、漂白阶段保温时间及涤纶染色阶段保温时间对涤盖棉织物棉组分白度值和涤组分K/S值的影响,确定最佳工艺条件为:双氧水质量浓度2 g/L,染色温度130 ℃,保温时间30 min。结果表明,漂棉染涤一浴工艺和传统工艺处理后的涤盖棉织物,棉组分白度值均接近80,涤组分色差值小于1.0,色牢度级别均超过4级,且漂棉染涤一浴工艺加工的涤盖棉织物强力损失更小。漂棉染涤一浴加工工艺可实现涤盖棉织物的短流程清洁加工。

关键词： 分散染料; 涤盖棉织物; 漂白; 染色; 短流程; 漂棉染涤; 一浴加工工艺

Abstract

Objective The inner cotton component of polyester-covered cotton fabric is soft, comfortable, sweat-permeable and air-permeable, and the outer polyester component is anti-wrinkle and wear-resistant. Polyester-covered cotton fabric is widely used in daily wear, school uniforms, firefighting apparel, sanitation apparel and other fields. However, the conventional processes for bleaching and dyeing polyester-covered cotton fabrics have problems of high consumptions of water and energy, and low production efficiency. This research aims to use a disperse dye with high resistance to alkalis and peroxides to construct a one-bath process for bleaching and dyeing polyester-covered cotton fabrics.

Method The selected disperse dye was evaluated for its resistance to alkalis and peroxides. Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of hydrogen peroxide concentration, processing time, and processing temperature on the performances of bleaching and dyeing in one bath. The optimal process was defined by monitoring the whiteness of cotton component and the color depth (K/S) value of the polyester component.

Results The synthesized disperse dye was shown to be of high alkali-resistant and high peroxide-resistant type, withstanding dyeing with at 2 g/L NaOH alkali regulator concentration and 5 g/L H2O2 (30%) (Tabs.2 and 4). One-bath process for bleaching and dyeing polyester-covered cotton fabrics was designed based on the synthesized disperse dye with high resistance to alkali and peroxide. The influence of H2O2 concentrations and temperature maintaining time on the whiteness and K/S value of polyester-covered cotton fabric treated by one-bath dyeing polyester and bleaching cotton process were tested, respectively. Under the conditions of 2 g/L of H2O2 (30%) and a temperature maintaining time of 0 min at 100 ℃, the whiteness of the cotton component of the polyester-covered cotton fabric reached 80, almost the same as the whiteness obtained by the conventional process. In addition, the concentration of H2O2 (30%) and temperature maintaining time were shown to have no influence on the K/S value of the polyester component (Fig.5). Therefore, the optimal H2O2 (30%) concentration was selected to be 2 g/L and the optimal temperature maintaining time 0 min at 100 ℃. In order to further analyze the bleaching and dyeing effect of polyester-covered cotton fabrics under high temperature and high pressure treatment, the influence of processing time on the whiteness and K/S value of polyester-covered cotton fabrics treated with one-bath dyeing polyester and bleaching cotton process were investigated (Fig.7). It was found that the polyester-covered cotton fabrics could be optimally bleached and dyed in one bath under the conditions of 2 g/L of H2O2 (30%), 130 ℃ and 30 min. The one-bath process treated polyester-covered cotton fabric lead to a 8% bursting strength loss, showing around CIE whiteness 80 of cotton component and good moisture permeability (Tabs.5 and 6). Meanwhile, the color difference of dyed polyester component treated by the one-bath process and conventional process was lower than 1.0. The dyed polyester component provided by one-bath process had rubbing and washing color fastness of grade 4-5 or above, and sublimation color fastness of grade 4 or above.

Conclusion One-bath process for bleaching cotton component and dyeing polyester component of polyester-covered cotton fabric has been achieved by a disperse dye with high resistances to alkalis and peroxides. The polyester-covered cotton fabrics could be optimally bleached and dyed in one bath under the conditions of 2 g/L of hydrogen peroxide (30%), 130 ℃ and 30 min. Compared with the conventional process, the one-bath process provided a polyester-covered cotton fabric that had less bursting strength loss, a comparable degree of whiteness (around CIE whiteness 80) and an acceptable color difference (ΔECMC< 1.0). The polyester-covered cotton fabric processed in one bath had color fastnesses of grade 4 or above. Therefore, the one-bath process of the polyester-covered cotton fabric for bleaching and dyeing has the advantages in shortening process flow, and saving costs in water and energy.

Keywords： disperse dye; polyester-covered cotton fabric; bleaching; dyeing; short process; cotton bleaching and polyester dyeing; one-bath process

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本文引用格式

王小艳, 马子婷, 许长海. 基于高耐碱高耐氧漂分散染料的涤盖棉织物漂染一浴加工工艺[J]. 纺织学报, 2023, 44(05): 38-45 doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20221201701

WANG Xiaoyan, MA Ziting, XU Changhai. One-bath process for bleaching and dyeing of polyester-covered cotton fabric using disperse dye with high resistance to alkalis and peroxides[J]. Journal of Textile Research, 2023, 44(05): 38-45 doi:10.13475/j.fzxb.20221201701

涤盖棉织物通过一种特殊的织造方式将涤纶纱和棉纱交织,涤纶与棉分别成为织物的正反两面[1]。涤盖棉织物内层棉组分柔软舒适,吸湿透气,外层涤组分保形且耐磨,其广泛应用于日常服装、校服、消防以及环卫等领域[2-3]。传统涤盖棉织物染整加工过程包括碱性条件下的棉组分练漂前处理,弱酸性条件下的涤组分分散染料染色,以及碱性条件下的棉组分活性染料染色[4-5],工序繁杂,耗水、耗能且污水排放量大,与国家“双碳”政策和印染行业绿色高质量发展趋势不相符[6-7],因此,染整科技工作者开始致力于开发新型染料或助剂及织物短流程加工技术,以达到清洁生产和绿色印染的目标[8-9]。

涤盖棉织物的短流程加工方法主要有3种,即精练与分散染料染涤一浴法、活性染料染棉与分散染料染涤一浴法、双氧水漂白棉与分散染料染涤一浴法[10-11]。其中,双氧水漂白棉与分散染料染涤工艺简称为漂染一浴法,是将涤盖棉织物的棉组分双氧水漂白和涤组分分散染料染色在一浴中进行,具有效率高、水耗,能耗低、绿色环保等特点[12-13],且染色织物手感更佳,是涤盖棉织物短流程加工的重点研究方向[14]。涤盖棉织物漂染一浴工艺的关键在于分散染料的选择,由于棉组分氧漂使用双氧水在碱性条件下进行,双氧水分解出的过氧氢根离子具有比氢氧根离子更强的亲核攻击能力,因此要求分散染料既要具有耐碱性也要具有良好的耐氧漂性[15]。在常规分散染料中筛选具有耐碱、耐氧漂性能的分散染料,用于涤盖棉织物的漂染一浴加工具有可行性[16-17],但目前筛选出的耐碱耐氧漂分散染料品种较少、色谱不全。

本文使用实验室合成的高耐碱高耐氧漂分散蓝、红、黄3只染料,简称为HAO分散蓝、HAO分散红和HAO分散黄,对涤盖棉织物进行漂染一浴加工,分析关键工艺对涤盖棉织物中棉组分白度及涤组分颜色深度的影响,确定漂染一浴最佳工艺,并对涤盖棉织物吸湿性、顶破强力、颜色性能和色牢度进行测试。

1 实验部分

1.1 实验材料和仪器

织物:涤盖棉针织坯布,正面为涤纶组分,反面为棉组分,涤纶与棉比例为55:45,涤纶纱线线密度为109 dtex(48 f),棉纱线线密度为35.6 tex,面密度为260 g/m2,由莱美科技股份有限公司提供。

材料:HAO分散蓝、HAO分散红、HAO分散黄(纯度分别为98%、98%、97%),实验室合成,结构式如图1所示;使用时,将染料进行商品化加工成为商品染料。保险粉、氢氧化钠、碳酸钠、醋酸钠、醋酸,双氧水(质量分数为30%),碳酸氢钠,均为分析纯,由国药集团化学试剂有限公司提供;高温高压染色用分散匀染剂,工业纯,由日华化学有限公司提供;渗透剂JFC,双氧水稳定剂DM-1403,精练剂DM-1346,均为工业纯,由广东德美精细化工有限公司提供;皂片,工业纯,由上海制皂厂提供。

图1

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图1   HAO分散蓝、红、黄染料化学结构式

Fig.1   Chemical structures of HAO Disperse Blue (a), HAO Disperse Red (b) and HAO Disperse Yellow (c)


仪器:Ahiba IR红外小样染色机、Datacolor 800分光光度仪、Datacolor 800测色配色仪(美国Datacolor公司),HD026N电子织物强力机(常州市天祥纺织仪器有限公司),SW-24E耐洗色牢度试验机(无锡纺织仪器厂),Y(B) 571-II耐摩擦色牢度试验机(温州市大荣纺织标准仪器厂),Gellowen G247升华色牢度实验仪(无锡纺织机械公司)。

1.2 染色处方与工艺流程

1.2.1 涤盖棉织物传统两浴两步法工艺

练漂棉处方为:精练剂1 g/L;双氧水稳定剂2 g/L;双氧水4 g/L;氢氧化钠1.6 g/L;渗透剂JFC 3 g/L;浴比1:30。

染色处方为:分散染料2%(o.w.f);匀染剂1 g/L;调节染浴pH值4.8;浴比1:30。

还原清洗及皂洗工艺处方为:烧碱2 g/L,保险粉2 g/L,浴比1:30,温度85 ℃,时间10 min;皂片3 g/L,温度90 ℃,时间10 min,浴比1:30。

涤盖棉织物漂棉染涤两浴两步法工艺曲线如图2所示。

图2

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图2   涤盖棉织物漂棉染涤常规工艺流程

Fig.2   Conventional process of polyester-covered cotton fabric for cotton bleaching and polyester dyeing


1.2.2 涤盖棉织物漂染一浴一步法工艺

工艺处方为:分散染料2%(o.w.f);匀染剂1 g/L;精练剂1 g/L;双氧水稳定剂2 g/L;双氧水0、1、2、4、6、8 g/L;氢氧化钠0、0.4、0.8、1.6、2.4、3.2 g/L;渗透剂JFC 3 g/L;浴比1∶30。

还原清洗及皂洗工艺处方与涤盖棉织物传统两浴法工艺相同。涤盖棉织物漂染一浴工艺曲线如图3所示,加工步骤如图4所示。

图3

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图3   涤盖棉织物漂染一浴工艺流程

Fig.3   One-bath process for cotton bleaching and polyester dyeing of polyester-covered cotton fabric


图4

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图4   涤盖棉织物漂染一浴工艺加工步骤

Fig.4   One-bath process of polyester-covered cotton fabric for cotton bleaching and polyester dyeing


1.3 测试方法
1.3.1 分散染料的耐碱性及耐氧漂性测试

分散染料的耐碱性及耐氧漂性分别参照文献[18]和[19]方法测试。

1.3.2 表观色深及色差测试

使用分光光度仪测定试样表观色深(K/S)值。选用D65为标准光源,在10°视场下观察,在折叠成4层的织物上测量4次取平均值获得涤盖棉织物正面涤纶组分在最大吸收波长处的K/S值和色差值ΔECMC。

1.3.3 白度值测试

涤盖棉织物内层棉组分的白度使用测色配色仪参照AATCC 110—2015《纺织品的白度》进行测量,并计算CIE白度指数。

1.3.4 吸湿性测试

涤盖棉织物的棉组分吸水性参照AATCC 79—2018《纺织品的吸湿性》,使用水滴法进行测量,并记录水滴在织物表面消失所需时间,检测处理后布样的精练程度,水滴润湿时间≤1 s时为合格,润湿时间>60 s时视为不易润湿。

1.3.5 染色织物相关性能测试

参照GB/T 19976—2005《纺织品 顶破强力的测定 钢球法》测定织物的顶破强力。参照GB/T 3921—2008《纺织品 色牢度试验 耐皂洗色牢度》测定织物的耐水洗色牢度。参照GB/T 3920—2008《纺织品 色牢度试验 耐摩擦色牢度》测定织物的耐摩擦色牢度。参照GB/T 5718—1997《纺织品 色牢度试验 耐干热(热压除外)色牢度》测定织物的升华色牢度。

2 结果与讨论

2.1 分散染料的耐碱性和耐氧漂性评估

2.1.1 分散染料的耐碱性

本课题组前期研究中提供了一种简单易行的评定分散染料耐碱性的方法[18],即,以2 g/L的CH3COONa、Na2CO3、NaOH作为3组碱调节剂溶液,依据碱性条件与常规弱酸性条件(pH值为4.8)染色织物的色差值ΔECMC指标表征染料的耐碱性(见表1[18])。参照此方法对HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料的耐碱性进行测试和等级划分,结果如表2所示。

表1   分散染料耐碱性的评价标准

Tab.1  Evaluation of alkali resistance of disperse dyes

不同碱调节剂下的ΔECMC耐碱类型等级
CH3COONaNa2CO3NaOH
ΔECMC>1.0--不耐碱差
ΔECMC≤1.0ΔECMC>1.0-耐弱碱中
ΔECMC≤1.0ΔECMC≤1.0ΔECMC>1.0一般耐碱良
ΔECMC≤1.0ΔECMC≤1.0ΔECMC≤1.0高耐碱优

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表2   HAO分散染料的耐碱性评价

Tab.2  Evaluation of alkali resistance of HAO disperse dyes

染料名称不同碱调节剂下的ΔECMC耐碱
类型		等级
CH3COONaNa2CO3NaOH
HAO分散蓝0.190.490.55高耐碱优
HAO分散红0.290.320.34高耐碱优
HAO分散黄0.340.520.56高耐碱优

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从表2可看出,与pH值为4.8的酸性浴染色对比,HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料在2 g/L NaOH碱调节剂染色浴中,染料染色涤盖棉织物涤组分的ΔECMC均小于1.0,为高耐碱型,耐碱性能均评为优。

2.1.2 分散染料的耐氧漂性

本文课题组前期研究中提供了一种简单易行的评定分散染料耐氧漂性的方法[19],即设定分散染料耐氧漂性评估实验条件:升温速率为1.5 ℃/min,温度为130 ℃,保温时间为30 min,将分散染料置于5 g/L双氧水和2 g/L烧碱溶液中对涤盖棉织物染色,根据灰卡评级可有效评定分散染料的耐氧漂性,并确定分散染料是否可用于涤盖棉织物的漂棉染涤一浴工艺(见表3[19])。参照此方法对HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料的耐氧漂性进行测试和等级划分,结果如表4所示。

表3   分散染料的耐氧漂性评价标准

Tab.3  Evaluation of peroxide bleaching resistance of disperse dyes

H2O2和NaOH
溶液下的ΔECMC		灰卡
级别		耐氧
漂性		是否可用于漂染
一浴工艺
ΔECMC>1.0低于4~5级差否
ΔECMC≤1.0不低于4~5级优是

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表4   HAO分散染料的耐氧漂性评价

Tab.4  Evaluation of peroxide bleaching resistance of HAO disperse dyes

染料名称H2O2和NaOH
溶液下的ΔECMC		灰卡
级别		耐氧
漂性		是否可用于漂染
一浴工艺
HAO分散蓝0.884~5级优是
HAO分散红0.625级优是
HAO分散黄0.824~5级优是

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从表4可看出,与不含双氧水的染色浴对比,HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料在5 g/L的双氧水和2 g/L烧碱染色浴中,染色织物的ΔECMC均小于1.0,灰卡级别为4~5级,评估为耐氧漂性优异,均可用于涤棉织物漂染一浴工艺。

2.2 涤盖棉漂染一浴工艺影响因素分析
2.2.1 双氧水浓度和保温时间对K/S值与白度影响

使用HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料,应用涤盖棉织物棉组分练漂与涤组分染色一浴工艺,采用1.2.2节的工艺处方和步骤对涤盖棉织物进行处理,测定不同双氧水质量浓度及在100 ℃下不同保温时间对涤盖棉织物涤组分K/S值及棉组分白度的影响,结果如图5、6所示。

图5

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图5   双氧水质量浓度和保温时间对涤盖棉织物K/S值的影响

Fig.5   Influence of H2O2 concentrations and temperature maintaining time on K/S value of polyester-covered cotton fabric.

(a)HAO Disperse Blue; (b) HAO Disperse Red; (c) HAO Disperse Yellow


图6

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图6   双氧水质量浓度和保温时间对涤盖棉织物白度的影响

Fig.6   Influence of H2O2 concentrations and temperature maintaining time on whiteness of polyester-covered cotton fabric.

(a)HAO Disperse Blue; (b) HAO Disperse Red; (c) HAO Disperse Yellow


2.2.2 双氧水浓度和保温时间对颜色深度的影响

由图5可以看出,HAO分散蓝、红和黄3只染料上染的涤盖棉织物涤组分的K/S值仅在某个值附近波动,可认为涤组分的色光几乎保持稳定。此外,分别使用HAO分散蓝、红和黄3只染料对涤盖棉织物进行常规工艺处理,得到涤组分的K/S值分别为25.36、23.65和13.41,与漂染一浴工艺处理后的涤组分K/S值几乎一致,ΔECMC均在1.0以下,因此可认为,在漂染一浴加工体系中,双氧水和其他漂白助剂的存在并未影响HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料的染色效果,且双氧水质量浓度及在100 ℃下的保温时间对这3只染料上染涤纶的K/S值没有影响。

由图6可以看出,在漂染一浴加工体系中,HAO分散染料及其它染色助剂的存在并未影响双氧水的漂白作用。双氧水质量浓度为2 g/L,保温时间为0 min时,涤盖棉织物棉组分的白度值就可达到工业及生活用品的加工要求,与传统工艺所得白度几乎无差别。再增加双氧水的用量,棉组分的白度值也几乎没有增加,因此最优的双氧水质量浓度是2 g/L,在100 ℃下的最佳保温时间是0 min。传统工艺常用质量浓度为4 g/L的双氧水对棉织物进行漂白,从室温升温至100 ℃后保温35 min,一般能使棉织物的白度值达到80左右[20]。漂染一浴工艺与传统漂白工艺处方存在差别的主要原因是,漂染一浴工艺会将温度逐步升至130 ℃,延长了双氧水的作用温度和时间,从而可减少双氧水的用量,漂白工艺中双氧水用量的降低可使后续除氧的难度大大降低。

2.2.3 加工时间和温度对白度和K/S值的影响

为更好地分析涤盖棉织物在高温高压处理过程中漂白和染色情况,在双氧水质量浓度为2 g/L、氢氧化钠质量浓度为0.8 g/L、染料用量为2%(o.w.f)和其它助剂的染浴中,采用图4所示的步骤进行加工,测试使用HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料,不同时间和温度下涤盖棉织物棉组分白度值和涤组分K/S值,结果如图7所示。

图7

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图7   漂染一浴工艺加工时间对涤盖棉织物白度和K/S值的影响

Fig.7   Influence of processing time on whiteness and K/S value of polyester-covered cotton fabric.

(a)HAO Disperse Blue; (b) HAO Disperse Red; (c) HAO Disperse Yellow


从图7可以看出,在漂染一浴加工体系中,双氧水及漂白助剂、HAO分散染料及染色助剂同时存在的情况下,涤盖棉织物棉组分的漂白和涤组分的染色同时发生,棉组分的白度值和涤组分的K/S值均在130 ℃时达到最高值且之后趋于稳定。涤盖棉织物棉组分白度值在100~110 ℃时显著增大,到110 ℃时棉组分白度值已达到70左右,说明棉组分的漂白主要发生在这个阶段。而持续升温后,棉组分的白度值仍然不断增大,双氧水仍存在漂白作用,直至升温130 ℃,白度值达到稳定,主要原因是温度升高会加速双氧水的有效分解,从而提高了对色素的氧化反应速度,体现在白度值的快速增大[21]。而涤盖棉织物涤组分的K/S值在110~130 ℃时显著增大,130 ℃之后涤组分的K/S值几乎不发生变化,这与涤纶常规高温高压染色过程规律一致[22]。为提高织物的匀染性和透染性,将在130 ℃下保温时间确定为30 min。因而确定涤盖棉织物漂染一浴最佳工艺,即涤盖棉织物在含有质量浓度为2 g/L的双氧水和质量浓度为0.8 g/L氢氧化钠染浴中,升温至130 ℃后保温30 min。

2.3 涤盖棉织物各项性能分析

为探究涤盖棉织物经传统工艺和漂染一浴工艺处理后的各项性能是否存在差异,采用1.2.1节的工艺处方和步骤对涤盖棉织物进行处理,并与漂染一浴工艺作对比。分别测试经传统工艺和漂染一浴工艺处理的涤盖棉织物的各项性能,结果如表5所示。

表5   传统工艺和一浴工艺处理后涤盖棉织物的各项性能

Tab.5  Properties of polyester-covered cotton fabric treated by conventional and one-bath processes

染料
名称		工艺顶破强
力/N		棉组分
润湿时
间/s		棉组分
白度值		涤组分
K/S值		ΔECMC
涤盖棉坯布1 201>6020.301.52—
HAO
分散蓝		传统工艺1 009≤179.8225.360.65
漂染一
浴工艺		1 106≤178.2026.15
HAO
分散红		传统工艺1 016≤180.3523.650.73
漂染一
浴工艺		1 098≤ 179.6824.02
HAO
分散黄		传统工艺1 064≤ 178.3413.410.47
漂染一
浴工艺		1 115≤ 177.9213.96

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由表5可以看出,传统工艺处理的涤盖棉织物强力损失比漂染一浴工艺大,主要原因是传统工艺染涤组分的条件是高温高压弱酸条件,而棉组分不耐酸,在高温酸性及长时间加工条件下,棉组分被损伤,进而引起涤盖棉织物强力下降。漂染一浴工艺中,始终在碱性条件下处理,且加工时间明显缩短,涤盖棉织物的强力下降不超过8%。2种工艺处理后的涤盖棉织物中的棉组分吸湿性好,白度值均接近80,满足后续活性染料套染棉的要求;2种工艺处理后的涤盖棉织物中涤纶组分K/S值相差无几,ΔECMC均小于1.0,说明漂染一浴工艺能获得与传统工艺相同的颜色。因此,当从传统工艺转换为漂染一浴工艺时,无需过多打样实验就可以获得相同色光。

表6列出传统工艺和漂染一浴工艺处理后涤盖棉织物的色牢度。可以看出,漂染一浴工艺处理后的涤盖棉织物耐摩擦、耐水洗及耐升华色牢度与传统工艺相差不大,且除耐升华色牢度中沾色有4级外,其他的各项色牢度均达到4~5级到5级,完全满足生产需要。

表6   传统工艺和一浴工艺处理后涤盖棉织物的色牢度

Tab.6  Color fastness of polyester-covered cotton fabric with conventional and one-bath processes 级

染料工艺耐摩擦色牢度耐水洗色牢度耐升华色牢度
干摩擦湿摩擦沾色褪色沾色褪色
HAO
分散蓝		传统工艺54~55544~5
漂染一
浴工艺		54~55544~5
HAO
分散红		传统工艺54~55544~5
漂染一
浴工艺		4~54~554~544~5
HAO
分散黄		传统工艺5554~54~54~5
漂染一
浴工艺		4~55554~54~5

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3 结论

1)本文合成的HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料经评估具有优异的耐碱性和耐氧漂性,属高耐碱高耐氧漂分散染料,使用这3只染料可将涤盖棉织物的棉组分练漂与涤组分染色合并在一浴实施。

2)采用HAO分散蓝、红、黄3只染料对涤盖棉织物进行漂染一浴加工,得到优化后的工艺:双氧水质量浓度为2 g/L,处理温度为130 ℃,保温时间为30 min;

3)漂染一浴工艺处理的涤盖棉织物,强力下降不超过8%,棉组分吸湿性好,白度值接近80,能够满足后续活性染料套染棉的要求;涤组分颜色与传统工艺一致,耐摩擦、耐水洗色牢度均不低于4~5级,耐升华色牢度不低于4级。

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